Hinduism Overview in Malaysia

July 29th, 2008

The Southeast Asian country of Malaysia has one of the largest population of ethnic Indians outside of India, with an estimated 1.79 million people of Indian origin in the country, or roughly 7.1 percent of the total population of Malaysia of about 25.3 million. An overwhelming portion of the Indians in Malaysia, about 89 percent, are Hindus. Hinduism is widely practiced in Malaysia where religious freedom is enshrined in the federal constitution, and adds to the multiculturalism in a country that has become a model for religious tolerance and peaceful coexistence.

While Hindu roots in the country go back to the 2nd century AD, descendants of the early Hindu kingdoms in the country are almost non-existent, the entire population having converted to Islam. Most of the Indians in Malaysia today were brought as indentured laborers by the British to work in oil palm and rubber plantations across the country between the 19th and 20th centuries. A significant portion of these laborers were from the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu, and share the language and culture of the Tamils. There are smaller numbers of Malayalis and Telugus, from Kerala and Andhra Pradesh respectively, in the country as well, along with Tamils of Sri Lankan origin who are also overwhelmingly Hindus.

Smaller migrations of Indians in the form of skilled workers have occurred in recent years. The latest statistics place the number of Hindus in Malaysia today at approximately 1.6 million.

Read Full Article – Hinduism in Malaysia

Religion used to justify violence and terrorism

July 26th, 2008

Malaysia Hindu Dharma Mamandram President Associate Professor Dr N.S. Rajendran has been featured shaking hands with Malaysian Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi at the international conference on Religion in the Quest for Global Justice and Peace in Kuala Lumpur. Badawi spoke at the opening of the conference, which is being organized by Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). Dr N.S. Rajendran is presenting a paper at the conference.

Malaysia Hindu Dharma Mamandram President N.S. Rajendran with Prime Minister Badawi

Meeting scholars: Abdullah shaking hands with Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Associate Professor N.S. Rajendran as Indian Council for Gandhian Studies New Delhi chairman Prof N. Radhakrishnan looks on in Kuala Lumpur yesterday.

from The Star
PM: Combat ignorance and the perversion of religion

KUALA LUMPUR: Many individuals and groups have abused the name of God and religion to justify violence and terrorism, Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi said.

“Such extremism has been observed many times in the course of history and is certainly not new to our modern age. In each instance, the virtuous teachings of religion were twisted and manipulated to serve an unholy agenda.

“Hatred and bigotry are propagated on behalf of one’s religion for the sake of political gain or personal profit.”

He said those who advocate extremist tendencies often had a very shallow understanding of the philosophies and worldviews embodied in their respective religions.

“They take verses out of context, without any understanding of the larger historical setting which underlie such verses.

“This distorted perspective of religion becomes a convenient tool for the pursuit of power and selfish interest, he said, adding that thinkers and researchers must be prepared to play their part in broadening the public understanding of religion and its role in promoting justice.

“We always face the same issues and always feel disappointed. We hope for peace but war erupts. We hope for justice but violence occurs.

“We should not admit defeat in the jihad to free the world of war and violence. Don’t give up on fighting those who cause war and violence. It should be our lifelong struggle,” he added.

The Prime Minister, who outlined a strategy to combat such occurrence, said religious scholars and intellectuals in the country must be encouraged to engage with the wider public.

“Scholars and intellectuals should not lock themselves away in their ivory towers,” he said in his opening address at the international conference on religion in the quest for global justice and peace at Renaissance Hotel here yesterday.

“Instead, they should be prepared to educate the public on the great issues that face us all,” said Abdullah, adding that the religious curricula in schools and universities should be scrutinised.

“Our religious education should convince us that the dignity and integrity of all human beings is worthy of our respect. Religion should inculcate a truly universal and inclusive outlook, not mentality that is narrow, exclusive and parochial.”

He said the role of the media in promoting a universal and inclusive dimension of religion that focused on justice and peace should be intensified.

He added journalists and media practitioners should broaden their understanding of religion to play a more effective role in advancing the universal values of justice, peace and compassion.

Positive religious values in the governance of institutions from the Government to the basic family unit must be implemented, he said.

Row at ASEAN summit over Hindu Temple

July 25th, 2008

FOUR months ago, when Thailand’s prime minister, Samak Sundaravej, visited his Cambodian counterpart, Hun Sen, the two countries seemed capable of dealing peacefully with a long-running dispute over an ancient temple on their borders. Thailand backed Cambodia’s bid to have the 11th-century Preah Vihear temple listed as a “world heritage” site and both sides agreed to keep talking over their overlapping claims to a nearby patch of land.

Since then, things have deteriorated to the point where each side has sent thousands of troops to the area. This week talks between the two countries agreed no more than to try to avoid settling things by force. Cambodia asked the UN Security Council to hold an emergency meeting over what it called a state of “imminent war”.

Read Full Article – ASEAN and the temple of doom
Source – The Economist

International Conference on Religion and World Peace

July 22nd, 2008

Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) through its Center for Policy Research and International Studies (CenPRIS) is organizing an international conference with the theme Religion in the Quest for Global Justice and Peace from July 23-26, 2008 in Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia Hindu Dharma Mamandram President Associate Professor Dr N.S. Rajendran will be attending the conference and will be presenting a paper on Saturday, July 26, 2008.

The Centre for Policy Research and International Studies (CenPRIS), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) is organizing an international conference on the theme Religion in the Quest for Global Justice and Peace from 23 – 26 July 2008 in Kuala Lumpur.

Objectives
The main objectives of the Conference are:

  • To develop a deeper understanding of the principles of justice and peace in the different religions.
  • To analyze the internal and external forces that impede a religion’s quest for justice and peace and how these obstacles can be overcome.
  • To provide concrete instances of religious groups working towards global justice and peace especially through non-violent means.
  • To explore the possibility of evolving a shared universal spiritual and moral vision of global justice and peace.
  • To formulate an action plan which will attempt to translate that vision into reality through concrete programs that will bring together different religious groups in their common quest for global justice and peace.

Participants
About 200 participants from different religious backgrounds are expected to attend the Conference. Young people are encouraged to participate.

Speakers and Panellists
Renowned scholars and activists from Malaysia and around the world are among the Speakers and Panellists.

More Graduate Teachers for Tamil Schools

July 21st, 2008

The chief of the Tamil Schools Organization in Malaysia has announced that Tamil schools in the country will have 1,200 graduate teachers by the year 2010. This will represent 15 percent of the total number of teachers in these schools. Right now there are about 800 graduate teachers out of a total of 8,000, or about 10 percent. These schools, which use the Tamil language as the medium of instruction, serve mostly ethnic Indians students in the country.

from Makkal Osai
Tamil schools to get 1,200 grad teachers

THERE will be 1,200 graduate teachers in Tamil schools by 2010, Makkal Osai reported.

Quoting Malaysian Tamil Schools Organization chief organizer S. Baskaran, the report said they would make up 15% of the total teaching force for Tamil schools.

He was speaking to reporters after opening a motivational seminar in Padang Serai, Kedah.

At present, there are about 8,000 Tamil schoolteachers and only 10% are graduates.

Baskaran said the Education Ministry was carrying out various programs to create more graduate Tamil schoolteachers in the country.

Art Exhibition on Lord Krishna

July 21st, 2008

The celebrated Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York is featuring an exhibition on the Hindu god Krishna from now until July 28, 2008. The exhibition will feature paintings depicting scenes from the life of Lord Krishna, most of which are from the Punjab and Rajasthan regions of India. The exhibition, named Krishna: Mythology and Worship, is a celebration of Krishna who is perhaps the most popular of the incarnations of Lord Vishnu, one of the most important Hindu gods.

The oldest paintings of Lord Krishna date from the late Kushan–Gupta period in the 3rd to 4th centuries AD and portray him as a young, martial warrior-king, as well as the slayer of demons. Lord Krishna came to be identified in the Hindu faith as the destroyer of evil in the world and loving protector of the Hindu people. By the 7th century AD, Krishna had become the focus of a newly emerging Hindu devotional, or bhakti, movement in which salvation was achieved through personal identification with the personal deity. It is his essential personal nature that allowed such a close identification by Hindu devotees.

from www.metmuseum.org
Hindu God Krishna Celebrated in New Installation at Metropolitan Museum

A new installation at The Metropolitan Museum of Art – Krishna: Mythology and Worship – celebrates the Hindu god Krishna, perhaps the most popular of all the appearances (avatars) of the Indian Hindu deity Vishnu. The installation of 23 painting, textiles, and sculptures from the Museum’s collection will be on view in the Museum’s Florence and Herbert Irving Galleries for the Arts of South and Southeast Asia through July 28, 2008. Most of the paintings on display are manuscript pages produced in Rajasthan and the Punjab Hills, illustrating popular events from Krishna’s life. The textiles were employed to enhance shrines devoted to Krishna.

The earliest depictions of Krishna date from the late Kushan–Gupta period (circa third to fourth century) and show him as a youthful, martial warrior-king, the slayer of demons. Krishna came to be identified as the supreme destroyer of tyranny in the world and protector of the people. Already by the seventh century, Krishna had become the focus of newly emerging devotional cultures (bhakti), in which salvation was reached through personal identification with the deity. It is his essential human nature that allowed such a close identification by devotees. The life of Krishna is widely represented in Hindu art, from the infant and mischievous child to divine love r and staunch protector of the good. Each guise allowed devotees a different path to bond with their god.

Narrative painters explored most fully the worshippers’ love for their god in the context of Krishna’s amorous relationship with his favorite consort, Radha. Often the couple is depicted expressing the fullness of their passion in a secluded wooded glad, typically with flowers in bloom, as seen in several versions from Rajasthan and Malwa. Another popular scene, illustrated by a folio from the famous 1560 Bhagavata Purana manuscript from Delhi and another version of the subject from Bikander (ca. 1610), is that of the youthful Krishna stealing the clothes of female cowherds (gopis) while they are bathing in a river, illustrating his amorous nature and his capacity to extend a personal and individual relationship to each devotee.

The setting for many of these works is Vrindavan, a small village near Mathura on the Yamuna River in northern India, where Krishna was fostered for safety, hidden away from a jealous ruler who threatened his life. Vrindavan became a center of Krishna devotionalism, and remains today a major pilgrimage center for Vaishnavite devotees. A centerpiece of the exhibition is a superb copper alloy sculpture of the infant Krishna being nursed by his foster-mother Yashoda, and a spectacular painted gold and silver temple hanging demonstrates the power of bhakti. Much of this installation focuses on Krishna’s essentially human nature, but his divine status is underscored by the Mughal masterpiece Krishna lifting Mt. Govardana, from the imperial illustrated Harivamsa manuscript, produced in the atelier of the Emperor Akbar around 1590.

View images from the Krishna Exhibition.

Tamil Service by Malaysia Airlines

July 19th, 2008

Malaysia Airlines (MAS) have announced that their customers can call for updates on flights in Tamil. Malaysia Airlines call centers had previously supported English, Malay and Mandarin languages. It follows a promise by MAS in April of this year when Mandarin was first introduced.

Malaysia has almost 2 million ethnic Indians, most of whom are from the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu and use Tamil as their main communication language. Malaysia operates regular flights to India as well as Sri Lanka and SIngapore, which also have large Tamil-speaking populations. Indians first came to Malaysia as indentured laborers under the British.

New Hindu Priests from India

July 18th, 2008

Human Resources Minister Datuk Dr S Subramaniam has announced that the Malaysia government will begin considering new applications for priests, musicians and other artisans from India. The applications from Hindu temples and Sikh gurdwaras were stopped to reduce the number of Indian priests in Malaysia, but owing the large demand for Hindu priests in the country the government will be considering new applications.

In the first part of the exercise, about 150 Hindu temples and gurdwaras will be submitting applications. The Minister however reiterated the government’s goal to produce more local Hindu priests. The move follows calls for the easing of the entry requirements for Indian priests by the Malaysia Hindu Council (MHC), of which Malaysia Hindu Dharma Mamandram is a founding member.

from Bernama

Government To Consider New Applications To Engage Priests From India

PETALING JAYA, July 17, 2008 – The government will consider new applications from Hindu temples and Sikh gurdwaras to engage priests, musicians and artisans from India starting next month, MIC secretary-general Datuk Dr S.Subramaniam said Thursday.

Subramaniam, who is Human Resources Minister, said, however, that the visas and permits for these people would only be valid for a maximum period of three years, and based on a set of strict guidelines.

“The decision was made after I had a meeting with Home Minister Datuk Seri Syed Hamid Albar on the issue concerning the approval and renewal of visas and permits for priests, musicians and artisans from India for Hindu temples and Sikh gurdwaras,” he told reporters after opening a forum on the development of industrial jurisprudence near here.

The forum was organized by the Malaysian Association of Human Resource Consultants.

Subramaniam said that about 150 Hindu temples and Sikh gurdwaras throughout the country would be involved in the exercise in the first stage, and the government would study the needs of other temples and gurdwaras from time to time.

Commenting on the need to increase the number of local priests, he said more and more Malaysians would be trained to reduce the dependency of Hindu temples and gurdwaras on foreign workers.

Religious Tolerance in Southeast Asia

July 18th, 2008

Religious tolerance has been a critical facet of all the countries in southeast Asia, one that has allowed relative prosperity and happiness for the region. Relations between peoples of different religion, race and ethnic origin have been rather amicable. Countries such as Indonesia, Cambodia, Thailand and Malaysia have been directly influenced by by Hindu and Buddhist cultures. The influence of China and India on the region is unmistakable, and goes back to ancient trading routes.

While Cambodia and Thailand have remained largely Buddhist with religious elements incorporated into governance as well as daily life, other countries like Indonesia and Malaysia are today majority Muslim nations. In fact, Indonesia is the biggest Muslim country in the world. But Hindu and Buddhist elements remain, in the form of culture, language and values.

The form of Islam practiced in the Muslim countries of southeast Asia is a moderate form of the religion, preaching tolerance to other religions and understanding between different peoples. This formula of peaceful coexistence has served the region well. While ethnic clashes have occurred in small scale  on occasion, such as in Malaysia in 1969 and in Indonesia as recently as 1999, large scale clashes like Rwanda or Yugoslavia have been successfully prevented in southeast Asia.

But this history of tolerance is at risk from extremist elements within the region. Radicals in the Muslim faith have taken root and are gaining strength. Taking cue from the ideology of terrorists in the Middle East, Afghanistan and elsewhere, religious fundamentalists have attempted to create new social orders in the region.

Largely rejected by the modern, mainstream Muslims, radicals nevertheless pose a great threat to the stability of the region and security of Hindus, Buddhists, Christians and other indigenous peoples. Groups like Jemaah Islamiyah and Abu Sayyaf have brought the problem to the fore. And while their targets so far has been largely western interests in the region, their growth will be a risk for nation building and religious tolerance within the region.

The continued prosperity and coexistence within southeast Asia depends on moderates rejecting extremism.

Preah Vihear Hindu Temple a World Heritage Site

July 17th, 2008

Preah Vihear Hindu Temple

Cambodian Hindu Temple Declared World Heritage Site

The ancient Hindu temple of Preah Vihear on the Cambodia-Thailand border has been accorded World Heritage Site status by UNESCO at its meeting in Canada. Most of the Preah Vihear temple complex was built by Angkor kings Suryavarman I and Suryavarman II in the 11th and 12th centuries AD. At the center of controversy due to its proximity to Thailand, the International Court of Justice ruled in 1962 that the Hindu temple belonged to Cambodia.

Like other Angkor temples, Preah Vihear is a representation of the Hindu universe, with five peaks representing Mount Meru, home of the Gods. The temple also boasts an enormous depiction of the ‘Churning of the Ocean’ episode from Hindu mythology.

Also accorded World Heritage Site status by UNESCO this year are colonial trading towns of George Town and Malacca on the Straits of Malacca in Malaysia.